I recommend bronze for both the thru-hulls and proper bronze seacocks. I have no experience with plastic, so I can't comment further except that the bronze is stronger and will take abuse that plastic may not, both during installation and normal use. Why are you planning to replace the thru-hulls? I did replace the thru-hulls under my sink even though they were fine, as it turned out, but it was a pain (for access especially, had to remove the sink) because one of the original sizes was no longer available. I had to cut one of the thru-hull necks to get it out. I went forward with the replacement, but it may not have been necessary for all of them. If you can be careful in your application of force on removing the thru-hulls you may find they are fine and compatible with your choice of seacocks. You may find it a challenge to orient the seacock handles so that they don't interfere with each other.
There's nothing wrong with removing the thru-hulls and inspecting them and then re-bedding them if they're OK.
I did
not drill holes through the hull and the backing blocks to prevent the seacocks from turning after installation. Instead, I used 3/4 inch thick fiberglass plank for the thru-hull backing plates, which I then threaded for the proper diameter bronze hex screws. That totally avoided drilling 12 holes through the hull. The thick, hard backing block also reduces the chances you'll have to shorten the neck of the thru-hull to get it to seat.
Good luck with the project.