There appear to be two designs of these caps. One is a single cast vee, and the angle of the vee arms and their length vary by boat model. (I found this out the hard way.) The other, more sensible, is two half-vees that can be separately attached and with an intersection that can be either caulked or faired over so that an imperfect joining angle isn't evident.
There are several ways of fabricating these too. One way, described in an old issue of Good Old Boat, is to find a length of plastic pipe, fill it with oven-heated sand, cap it, and bend it to fit. (The sand keeps the hot pipe from kinking.) Once it's bent, you let it cool, dump out the sand, cut it in half, and use the outer half as the replacement cap. Another way would be to cut slices of PVC pipe with two arms of the vee on the sides, joined by a perpendicular vee arm, with intersecting angles considered as you might with crown molding.
My boat started with the first design, and it disappeared one season. I never got my act together to do fabrication method #1, and I somehow mismeasured the angles with my first attempt at fabrication method #2. (I don't know why; I think it could have been done with all 45 degree cuts.) A couple of years ago some salvor crossed my path having the second design, so I bought it. If one of the two halves gets knocked off, my master plan is to make a mold from the second half and refabricate both halves.
The aft ends of the rubrails use something similar to the "arrowhead" end-cap design.